fitness for living kennesaw
Georgia Homeless in 2008
What is roaming?
Homelessness is an issue difficult and complex. So much so, that there is still
disagreement on the definition of who is truly homeless and who is not. The
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) defines a person as
"Homeless" if he or she:
is in an emergency shelter or transitional / supportive housing for •
homeless or
• resides in a place not intended for human habitation, such as cars, parks, sidewalks,
abandoned buildings, encampments, and dilapidated
The U.S. Department of Education uses an expanded definition that also includes
people who are:
• lined with family or friends because of the economic
• living in motels and hotels for lack of adequate housing other
• migrant workers living in a dwelling unfit for habitation
The State of Georgia, the Act creating the State Housing Trust Fund for
Homeless in 1988, has defined homelessness as "persons and families who lack access
or reasonably expect not to have access to traditional or permanent
housing that can be considered safe, sanitary, decent and affordable. '1
Because of variations in the definition of homelessness, this report
primarily used the narrower definition HUD, unless otherwise indicated.
What is chronic homelessness?
Approximately 25% of the homeless population experience spells of homelessness or long
have been many homeless people episodes.2 These chronically homeless
use a disproportionate share of public services and are vulnerable following
homeless. HUD considers someone chronically homeless if he or is
unaccompanied, has a disabling condition and has been homeless continuously for a
year or had at least four episodes homelessness in the past three years3
What is the impact of homelessness?
Homelessness has profound impact on individuals and families it affects
including increased health problems, increased health problems mental difficulty
with maintaining employment, separation of families, and so on. Although we can not
sympathizers people who are in a difficult situation, it is fair to ask why homelessness
questions to the community at large. Roaming button more than just
individual or family. It affects the whole community in a number of ways. The costs
Roaming include
• Educational attainment is low and development among children of homeless
• Uninsured medical costs for a population with high rates of disability
• The costs of public safety, including police and prison costs for offenses such as
panhandling, loitering or vagrancy
• sanitary areas and litter control in parks public and where the homeless
gather
• high cost of emergency shelters, transitional housing and support services to
individuals and families homeless
• high cost of emergency services such as emergency rooms and services Ambulance
and hospitalization for acute and chronic diseases, and
mental health crisis
• lost wages and income that would otherwise be able to work if
they had a permanent address
Myth: The homeless are
A February 2006 article in The New Yorker tells the story of Murray Barr, a man chronicallyhomeless
living in Reno, Nevada. Police
Officers Patrick O'Bryan and Steve Johns had many interactions with Murray for many years. They started counting the cost such as arrests,
incarcerations, ambulance, and hospital admissions over a period of ten years.
Officer O'Bryan said: "It cost us a million dollars not to do something for Murray."
Malcolm Gladwell, "Million Dollar Murray," The
The New Yorker, February 13, 2006
92% of homeless women
experience serious physical and / or aggression sex at some point in their lives.
Violence against Women Act March 1, 2007
people who are usually
homeless for long periods
time.
Fact: Research shows that 40% of
homeless were
homeless less than six months,
and 70% have been homeless
less than two years.
University Denver, Project Homeless Connect
www.du.edu / homelessness
Murray million
2007-J Homeless Census Tri – Point-In-Time
Those family members Totals%
Homeless 2071 44 2115 31%
Emergency Shelter 2027 359 2386 35%
Transitional Housing 1524 815 2339 34%
Totals and 5622% (82%) 1218 (18%) 100% 6840
How many people are homeless in Georgia?
The difficulty of counting the homeless in a single community, much less a
great state, have been discussed in detail by researchers and advocates
homeless. This report does not give a single, final and indisputable
number of people who are homeless in Georgia. However, it is important to have to
at least some understanding of the magnitude and scope of the problem. Fortunately
a large amount of data from multiple sources is available to indicate how
people in the state face the terrifying no place to live.
Item numbers from the homeless
The federal response to homelessness is entered in the McKinney-
Vento Homeless Assistance Act, adopted in 1987. McKinney-Vento programs
are administered by numerous federal agencies, including HUD. To receive federal
funding, communities must organize services in a continuum of care umbrella.
In 2003, Congress passed a law requiring the continuum of care
Conduct point-in-time homeless counts once every two years. In Accordingly, each
Georgia Continuum of Care (COC) have been engaged in an effort to count the
State protected and unprotected population homeless.
The COC covering Chatham, Cobb, DeKalb and Fulton counties and consolidated accounts
the governments of Athens-Clarke, Augusta-Richmond, and Columbus-Muscogee Conduct
homeless counts annually or biennially. For example, all two years, Metro Atlanta
Tri-Jurisdictional Collaborative on Homelessness (Tri-J), composed of the City of Atlanta, Fulton
County, and DeKalb County, has more than 500 volunteers and staff to walk and drive all of the 750
square miles of jurisdiction between midnight and 5 o'clock in the morning, homeless looking for people. This National Homeless best practices for canvassing model is coordinated by the Community Pathways
Network for the Tri-J. On the same night, the Tri-J conducts a census of its emergency
shelters and transitional housing beds. On January 25, 2007, the Earl of Tri-J identified
6,840 sheltered and unsheltered homeless in the county two area.4
Because the balance of the State covers 152 counties, many of them in rural Georgia
Department of Community Affairs (DCA) has always done annual assessment
people in shelters and transitional housing, but until 2008 had not possible
way homeless count homeless. Beginning this year, the DCA has used a sampling
methodology and predictive model developed by statistics faculty at Kennesaw
The methodology University.5 State the number of homeless homeless in 23 counties to achieve a projected homeless homeless by county. The count data used
included in the model calculations from 2007 and 2008. Surveys made in the balance of the state have been carried out through surveys primarily collected at locations where people receive services.
All efforts around the state beginning with the model indicate that there were over 20,000 people in Georgia who were homeless at one point in time (one night snapshot)
during the last week of January. The surveys collected after homeless in January 2008 also
included a question on the length of time people were homeless. Using a weighted average of these responses provides an estimate of over 75,000 people who live
homeless in Georgia at some time during one year.
DCA and other conduct COC new listening points in time during the last
week in January 2009. These figures will provide an opportunity to refine the number of
methodologies and update our estimates for 2009. In addition, the figures provide
trend data for communities participants and the State as a whole.
Homeless Management Information System (HMIS) data
The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development has also demanded that
Continuums of care using a homeless management information system (MAS) to
their federally funded programs for the homeless. In Georgia, all continua
have adopted the use the same system provided by the Community waterways
Network. Statewide, 277 service providers homeless use paths HMIS. In 2007, these
31 195 individuals and entities named family members in various service programs.
Who is homeless in Georgia?
Under the point-count in-time in January 2008, 1578 surveys were unduplicated
collected from people around the state who had housing difficulties. The
investigations focused on the housing situation of respondents and their families
(2041 persons) the night of January 27, 2008. The state's housing survey
respondents and their families is shown in the table below.
861428556196
Those classified as "precarious housed" were staying with family or friends
or in hotels / Motels. These individuals would be considered homeless under the more
expansive U.S. Department of Education definition of homelessness, but not under
the definition adopted by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.
Children were more likely to be in families who were precariously housed or living
in homeless shelters. Approximately 71% of survey respondents who have been dangerously
housed were women. The homeless are homeless are usually middle-aged adults,
59% of survey respondents were men. The homeless shelter were split almost
evenly between women and men. Using the broader definition of homelessness,
majority of the population of homeless in Georgia are women and children.
What causes homeless in Georgia?
Two factors play a major role in the lives of people who become homeless: extreme
poverty and personal vulnerability.
Extreme poverty
People can become homeless because From
• The income is very low
• Unemployment or
• lack of available affordable housing.
Incomes and housing costs
People who are poor face a much higher risk of becoming homeless. poorest Georgia
citizens, who earn 50% or less of the poverty line, are especially at risk.
Lodging Salaries 6
Georgia Non-metro Atlanta, Georgia MSA
The annual income required to
Fair Market Rent means *
One bedroom apartment $ 25,712 $ 18,949 $ 29,640
Two bedroom apartment $ 29,084 $ 22,257 $ 32,960
* Income needed to pay the rent and utilities, without paying more than 30% of their income on housing
Dr. Larry Keating, then Professor urban and regional planning at Georgia Tech
conducted a study on households with low or moderate incomes who
one or more housing problems (cost burden, overcrowding, and / or the lack of plumbing
and a full kitchen). 7 Using data from Census 2000, Mr. Keating is
that 256,146 households (renters and owners) were spending 50% or more of
their gross income on housing. These are families for whom the cost of accommodation places
their risk of becoming homeless. Using these averages, over 725,000 Georgians
living in households paying more than 50% of gross income for housing.
Number of people living in poverty in Georgia in 2006: 1.3 million
Number of people with incomes that are half or less of the poverty line (extreme poverty): 595,665
Nationally, for every 100 very low income tenants, there were 78 rental units that they could afford, but only 44 were actually available. The others were occupied by households with higher incomes.
In Georgia, a family needs a year
income of $ 29,084 to pay for a two bedroom
Apartment – well above the
Poverty rates for family of four.
Out of Reach 2007 – 2008, National Low Income
Housing Coalition
Severely Cost Burdened
Number of households
Very Cost Loaded Home
Owner households *
97,224
Severely Cost Burdened tenants
Households
158,922
low income households and moderate pay * 50% or more of their income on rent or mortgage and utilities, based
on data from Census 2000
In December 2007, more than 200,000 Georgians have received SSI (Supplementary Security
Income). The beneficiaries of these funds are of low income elderly or disabled. The
SSI monthly payment in Georgia (see below) is less than the fair market rent for a onebedroom
apartment in the state.9
2008 Supplemental Security Income (SSI) Georgia 8
SSI monthly payment $ 637
Fair market rents for one bedroom apartment $ 643
Staff Vulnerability
The other factor that plays a role for many people that homelessness is an experience
personal situation which leaves them vulnerable to homelessness, such as:
• Mental Illness
• Substance Abuse
• developmental disabilities or brain injury
• physical disabilities or chronic medical problems
• Domestic Violence
• evictions before or bad credit
• Criminal History
Many people and families have personal vulnerabilities that place them at
significant risk of becoming homeless. Disabilities, including mental illness and drug
alcohol abuse and pay a terrible toll on people. In the Metro Atlanta Tri-2007
Jurisdiction Survey, approximately 58% of respondents indicated they had one or more
disabilities. Of these, 22% had multiple disabilities. According to a survey of 24 cities, the United States
Conference of Mayors estimated that about 22% of the homeless population suffers
from a illness.10 serious mental
Domestic violence plays a significant role in homelessness among women and
children. In a study 1998 homeless parents in ten U.S. cities (most of which have been
women), 22% reported that they had left their last place of residence because of domestic
violence.11
Past experiences and behaviors can also create significant barriers to the individuals and
families trying to escape homelessness. Being homeless can lead to arrests
for behaviors such as trespassing and vagrancy. criminal offenses such as these, and
certainly the most serious convictions, it may be difficult to pass a background necessary
check when attempting to rent permanent housing. In addition, convictions of certain crimes
is difficult get a bed in an emergency shelter. Similarly, evictions and before
poor credit, it can be difficult to rent a decent home affordable.
More than 725,000 Georgians live below
income households pay more
50% of gross income for housing.
Larry Keating. Housing Needs in Georgia: How
Many and Who? December 21, 2004
Lines 2007 Poverty Guidelines
Size of family poverty
1 $ 10,210
2 $ 13.690
3 $ 17,170
4 $ 20,650
5 $ 24,130
6 $ 27,610
U.S. Department of Health and Human
http://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty/07poverty.shtml
From 1 July 2007 to May 31, 2008
10 614 homeless adults and children
services received Georgia
Department of Human Resources for
mental abuse of the health or substance.
If only 11% of Homelessness in GA
received the full SSI benefits
eligible, the total annual
federal dollars to come to these
households would be approximately
$ 10,412,963.
What is Georgia to help people who are homeless?
Statewide Initiatives
The State of Georgia and many of its communities have worked actively
address the issue of homelessness for over 20 years. With the creation of the State
Housing Trust Fund for the homeless in 1988, state funding dedicated to helping
individuals and homeless families from their end. Today, the Trust Fund Special National Housing
provides funding to over 200 dealerships across the state to implement a variety of
strategies to fight against homelessness. Funding is a combination of state
and federal dollars U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.
These strategies include prevention of homelessness, emergency shelter, housing transition
support services and permanent housing support. They also provide funds for
communities to organize fairs and resources involved in counting the homeless.
The Housing Trust Fund provides financial assistance to more than 1,200 rental units
housing for persons and families with disabilities. In addition, the Standing Committee
Support Housing Program provides funding for the DCA Development new
housing units. State and Federal funding to local service providers
provide support residents.
The Department of Human Resources (DHR) has a number of programs that help
individuals and families that experience homelessness, including funding for domestic use
services of violence through the Domestic Violence Unit, awareness through the homeless
Projects for Assistance in Transition from Homelessness (PATH) program, and accelerated
access social security disability benefits by the SSI / SSDI Homeless Outreach
Access and Recovery (SOAR) initiative. Initiative SOAR works closely with
Ministry of Labour and assessing the disability staff to improve safety Social
application process for people who are homeless.
The Ministry of Education, through the McKinney-Vento liaison homeless each
school district provides services for children who are homeless.
Services are provided to prevent children from delay school because
homeless. The Department of Community Health, through Health for
Homeless Program, provides funds to provide primary health care for individuals and
families who are homeless.
There are also several initiatives States to meet the needs of individuals being
released from state prison. One such initiative is the partnership between the back
the State Board of Pardons and Parole, Department of Corrections, Criminal Justice
Coordinating Council and the Department of Community Affairs. The Department of
Corrections also has a character based on Faith and Re-entry Initiative. These programs
attempt to prevent former inmates from falling into homelessness by connecting
temporary housing and employment opportunities.
Coordination and collaboration
To coordinate the activities of all government agencies working to
fight against homelessness, the state formed the Interagency Homeless
Coordination Council in 2004. The Council has been able to develop State
Georgia Year Plan to End Homelessness. The Council includes representatives
from multiple agencies and meets quarterly.
The Coalition to End Homelessness Georgia (GCEH) is a statewide nonprofit
and advocacy organization that provides training and technical assistance to the homeless
service providers, information and advocacy for policy makers, and online help
those facing homelessness. In 2007, GCEH reported spending 460 hours of technical
assistance and training to 132 service providers homeless.
School Children and the elderly
Homeless
Homelessness has a profound
impact on children. The data of
U.S. Department of Education (DOE)
indicates that if 87% of homeless
youth are enrolled in school, only 77%
attend regularly. homeless families
themselves move frequently affect their
children. An Institute for Children
study on poverty and showed that 51%
homeless children transfer schools
twice or more. There are estimates
that 3-6 months of education are lost
each movement.
The Georgian Ministry of Education
collects data from each school district
on children school homeless. In
The 2007-2008 school year, 22,888
children in schools Georgia public were
reported being homeless.
Mitchell
Permanent Housing Beds Supportive
Source: 2007 Continuum of housing inventories, care
Type
Individual
Family Twin Beds
Emergency Shelter 2638 1337
Transitional Housing 2519 2338
2318 homes Permanent 1493
Total 7475 5168
Georgia Homeless Service:
2007 Bed Statewide Stocks
Local Initiatives
Two metropolitan planning organizations including the Regional Commission Homelessness
in metropolitan Atlanta and the Chatham-Savannah Authority for the homeless. There
also a number of coalitions in the state and regional levels involved in the awareness
planning and service delivery.
A number of communities have used federal funds, state and local governments to create
innovative initiatives to fight against homelessness. Some examples of these innovative
Initiatives include
The 24 / 7 Gateway Se rvice o Center in Atlanta
served more than 12,000 people during
last two years. Gateway offers 300 beds
designated for various programs such as mental
Health abuse of employment and substance.
There is also a center for women and children
with 30 beds.
o Athens recently held the first Project Homeless
Log in Athens, based on a national model
encouraged by the Inter-USA on homelessness.
If the Athens had over 140 participants who received a variety of services
including haircuts, health screenings and dental, legal counseling, food stamps
applications, and AIDS / HIV. Nearly 50 service providers participated to
event.
o An evaluation of education services and community engagement
Link program (ECSEL) was launched in spring 2005 by the State of Georgia
University in collaboration with the United Way of Atlanta and Grady Health
System. The evaluation was conducted to assess whether the program ECSEL
improves outcomes the homeless mentally ill clients better than traditional
case management services. The approach ECSEL provides more support for
homeless mentally ill in the traditional case management. Study
found a net savings averaged $ 5,200 per person due to improved
of housing and decreases in incarceration and hospitalization.12
o The Behavioral Health Services Program
Union Mission, Inc. is ensured by
Health Savannah collaborative behavior
(SABHC) in partnership with the region Chatham-
Savannah Authority for the homeless and
Memorial Medical University Health Center.13
The program provides mental health and
treatment programs for drug
adults in Chatham and surrounding areas.
The services include appraisals diagnostic
psychiatric services, day treatment, group
support of the therapeutic community, hosting services, using drugs and.
o Hope House Inc Augusta held a ceremony of inauguration in January 2008
for its housing project ongoing support called "The West Highlands.
Hope House, Inc. provides housing needs long term and a "Best Practice"
therapeutic recovery program for women and women with children who are
suffering from the disease of chemical dependency and co-occurring mental
disease health. The property consists of 5.22 acres of land and a building.
Rehabilitation of the existing building will be used as office space for hope
House staff and space to provide clinical support services to its customers.
Development also includes the construction of new 42 new permanent members
housing units for its clients. Construction should be completed in a few months.
Cobb County nonprofit organizations working wo local health ITH
suppliers to develop options for alternative investment for homeless people.
Alternatives are needed that provide more appropriate care settings and reduce
overall costs system of health care. Their research in Georgia and other
States indicates that buy-in by the system of health care is essential development
a sustainable program. They hope to launch new options this year
reduce unnecessary hospital admissions for homeless, while more
effective use of community resources.
o The Macon Housing Authority's Shelter Plus Care Program Success
Housing assistance is combined with services for homeless people
during the late 1990s. HA provided assistance Housing and river
Edge Behavioral Health Center provided the support services for assistance
families. However, the two agencies wanted to improve the model core curriculum.
To better serve the homeless mental health and / or substance
diagnosis of abuse, HA, River Edge, to fill housing, Grove developed Inc.
Park Village (see box this page). This 40-unit multi-family development,
completed in 2005, provides affordable residential homes where people
pay no more than 30 percent of their monthly income adjusted rent. River
Edge staff full-time case manager at Grove Park Village. 3.2 million
Development costs Grove Park Village has been provided by an AAA
Support Housing Program using the resources of the Federal Home Loan
program and the State Fund Housing Trust of homelessness. When spread
over the expected life of the development, the cost per unit is approximately
$ 2.700 / year, compared to the annual cost of $ 84.600 for hospitalized patients
abuse of mental health or substance abuse.
o After the 2000 census, the city of Dalton has become a right CDBG
community and has been required by HUD to complete a consolidated plan. The
Needs Assessment for the plan highlighted dismal housing conditions in
community. In response, the City has asked the Community Dalton-Whitfield
Development Corporation to help both city and county governments face
issue. A summit has been homeless convened in 2005, the first activity
respond to this request. The Committee for Housing Stability has been formed as
outcome of this summit homeless. The Committee is composed of approximately
40 organizations who share the need to find housing safe and decent for their
customers. The agencies signed a memorandum of understanding to
be able to work together to locate all resources available to their client
households. By working together, the Committee for Housing Stability is to help
fight against homelessness and housing stability in Whitfield County and Dalton.
Local Plans 10 years to end
Homeless Chronic
• City of Albany
• Metro Atlanta (Regional
Commission on Homelessness
members: the city of Atlanta and Cobb
Clayton, Douglas, DeKalb, Fulton, and
Rockdale County)
• Athens-Clarke County
• Richmond County-Augusta
• City of Macon and Bibb County
• City of Savannah
Interstate Council on the United
Homeless
Jennette and Riverside Macon
Jennette was first presented to
Riverside Behavioral Health Center
in January, 2003. She entered the
installation addiction. On
the end of their 14 days in the long term
treatment program, Jennette was
placed in a flat Macon
through River Edge's Shelter Plus
care program where she lived for two
years. Three months after moving
Macon and participating in the DUAL
program (which deals with clients
more than one drug) it fits
Central Georgia Technical College
where she graduated with honors
in June 2004, obtaining a degree in
Business management / monitoring
Development. In March 2005,
Jennette has been able to move in Grove
Park Village Apartments. Jennette
is still enrolled in the center of Georgia
Technical College and graduated
in June 2008 with a second partner
Diploma in Office Administration
Technology.
Park Grove Village
Macon GA
Reunification
Homelessness can often be avoided
if individuals are able to reconnect
with family or other social
systems. Over the last five years, more
8,000 people have been reunited
with their support systems through
Help travelers metropolitan Atlanta.
Forward
National research indicates that the
The most effective strategy for dealing
Homelessness is to move people and
families permanently housing as quickly
as possible. Prevent or mitigate
amount of time spent in the homeless
system services and provide services to
individuals in permanent housing
parameters is more effective than long stays in
emergency and temporary shelters. This
change in our understanding of how
Homeless greater impact requires a change
away from the model stay away from traditional long and two years of transitional housing
programs. Strategies such as Housing First, Rapid Re-housing Homelessness and Prevention
hold promise of better answers to the problem.
A constant challenge for providers of homeless services is sufficient resources, particularly
support services. HUD is focusing on housing finance, with the
expected that funding for the service will come from other sources. However, this puts
Additional emphasis on existing services available support in the state. He also
it is difficult for service providers to help those who are hardest to serve, especially
chronically homeless. Unfortunately, these are often people who are
using many resources of the state and who most need.
To better understand what is and is not effective in the fight against homelessness,
evaluations on the success programs is important. In SFY 2009, DCA
performance standards of housing support which set a minimum level of service
Standard and tracks the success of individuals and families who use the service homeless
system. It is expected that these standards and performance measurement will improve
the system of delivery homeless across the state.
community awareness and public are also challenges to address the issue
homeless. It is easy in suburban and rural areas to assume that homelessness does
not exist, while than in urban areas, the homeless are considered a public nuisance.
Education and awareness on the extent and causes of homelessness
would help communities in Georgia to meet to discuss the issue. A
example of community education initiative currently in place is the Union Mission
Homelessness 101 programs of study in which Volunteers are trained on poverty and
homeless before participating in volunteer activities.
A continuing challenge to fight cons roaming fully understand the magnitude
and the nature of the problem. We hope that this report is the first step in increased
our understanding of homelessness in Georgia.
Ms. Smith and SOAR
The DHR SOAR team project met
Ms. Smith under a bridge in downtown
Atlanta. It was 5:00 am
and she had fallen asleep after
have been awake all night due to his
crack cocaine. His psychiatric drugs
was stolen the night before.
She was wearing a dirty old tank
up and carried all his possessions
in a bag to shreds. She said she
was ready to get off the street and
away from the horrible smell in the
bridge. Ms. Smith was very depressed
and has no power to change
clothing or go through its normal
grooming routine.
Ms. Smith was diagnosed with
Bipolar disorder often experience
symptoms posttraumatic stress
disorder. She was using crack
cocaine during the past 20 years. The
drug gives a snapshot break
his thoughts and manic racing
moods. Ms. Smith continued
seeking treatment for his mind
health symptoms, but often finds its
Depression and anxiety unbearable
and if it deals symptoms with
substances. Its ability to operate in
community had been worsening
the past 2 years. When we met,
She had been homeless more than a year.
Ms. Smith came up with the team of
Gateway and homeless shelter
began to speak with us. Smith
had applied for SSI in the past
denied. She had recently
applied a few months before our
first meeting. On call SSA
1-800, we found that
had been denied for failure to
communicate. Fortunately, we were
able to help Ms. Smith filed an application
review. Ms. Smith's
application has been approved! Since we
have been able to call his original case,
Ms. Smith received retroactive payments and
currently receives $ 623 per month. It
is moving into her own apartment and
receives outpatient mental health
treatment. It still struggling with
addiction, but it is on the board first
recovery.
About the Author
Boake Moore is an IT solutions salesman by trade and also founded a non profit coffee company called Mission Grounds Gourmet Coffee -http://www.missiongrounds.com/ourphilosophy.php – the church coffee. It donates all its profits and proceeds to helping orphans and impoverished children. Helping orphans , the church coffee – www.missiongrounds.com/ourchildren.php can be found at Krogers and many churches. And its also the finest Tarrazu coffee coming from the volcanic area of Costa Rica coffee. www.missiongrounds.com
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